SummativeAssessment9-1

Answers (Science Summative Assessment held on 18th August, 2011)

(a) Yeast is used in the production of (i) sugar __**(ii) alcohol**__ (iii) hydrochloric acid (iv) oxygen (b) The following is an antibiotic (i) sodium bicarbonate __**(ii) streptomycin**__ (iii) alcohol (iv) yeast (c) Carrier of malaria-causing protozoan is __**(i) female //Anopheles// mosquito**__ (ii) cockroach (iii) housefly (iv) butterfly (d) The most common carrier of communicable diseases is (i) ant **__(ii) housefly__** (iii) dragonfly (iv) spider (e) The bread or //idli// dough rises because of (i) heat (ii) grinding __**(iii) growth of yeast cells**__ (iv) kneading (f) The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is called (i) nitrogen fixation (ii) moulding __**(iii) fermentation**__ (iv) infection
 * Que. 1) Choose the correct answer: **

(g) Which of the following gases is used for providing an inert atmosphere for canned food?

(i) Oxygen (ii) Nitrogen (iii) Hydrogen __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">(iv) Carbon dioxide **__ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(i) All fungi and algae are not microscopic; some of them are quite large - **__True__** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(ii) Microbes and microorganisms are the same - **__True__** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(iii) Most microorganisms live and grow alone and not in colonies - __**False**__ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(iv)Bacteria are among the smallest and oldest organisms on our planet - **__True__** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(v)Viruses are living things - **__False__**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Que. 2) True or False: **

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(vi) Polio is caused by bacteria - **__False__** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(vii) Carriers transmit pathogens from an infected person to a healthy person - __**True**__ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(viii) Fungi and bacteria are responsible for food spoilage - __**True**__ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(ix) Pasteurization helps in the preservation of milk - **__True__** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 15px;">(x) Oil and vinegar helps in food preservation -__**T****rue**__


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Que. 2) Give the __ONE__ example of the following: **

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(i) Protozoa - Euglena, Paramecium , Amoeba

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(ii) Fungi -

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(iii) Disease caused by bacteria

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(iv) Disease caused by virus <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(v) Disease caused by protozoa <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(vi) The habitat of microorganisms <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(vii) A communicable disease - cholera, malaria, t.b., aids <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(viii) Mode of transmission of communicable disease -


 * droplet contact – coughing or sneezing on another person
 * direct physical contact – touching an infected person, including sexual contact
 * indirect physical contact – usually by touching soil contamination  or a contaminated surface
 * airborne transmission – if the microorganism can remain in the air for long periods
 * fecal-oral transmission – usually from contaminated food or water sources

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 15px;">(ix) A plant disease caused by pathogens


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Que. 3) Answer the following: **

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(i) The major groups of microorganisms - bacteria, algae, protozoa, fungi, prorozoa, and viruses.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(ii) The bacteria which is responsible for the curding of milk - S. lactis

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(iii) The bacteria which is used to produce alcohol - // Clostridium  ljungdahlii//

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(iv) The microorganism which causes measles - Virus

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(v) The microorganism which causes chicken pox - Virus

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(vi) An animal disease caused by pathogens - pneumonia

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(vii) A plant disease caused by pathogens - Blights, Rusts, Smuts, Mildews

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(viii) An insect which is a common carrier of microbial diseases - House flies

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(ix) A microorganism which is not affected by antibiotics - Virus

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">(x) The process of conversion of a sugar into an acid or alcohol by the action on microorganisms - fermentation


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 4) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What do you understand by microorganisms?


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 5) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Write the main conditions required for the growth of microorganisms.

food, moisture, temperature / warmth, time


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 6) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Write any five useful effects of microorganisms.


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 7) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Write any five harmful effects of microorganisms.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 15px;">**Que. 10)** Draw a neat labeled diagram of a ‘Microscope’
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 8) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Name different types of bacteria according to their shapes with proper diagram.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 9) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Why does curd turn sour more easily in summer than in winter?
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 4) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking antibiotics?
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 5) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What is ‘Vaccination’? Name certain diseases which can be prevented by vaccination?
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 6) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What is ‘Pasteurization’? Who discovered this process?
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 7) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What are ‘Pathogens’? Give examples.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 8) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What are communicable diseases? Give examples.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">Que. 9) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'times new roman','serif';">What are preservatives? Write the common methods of food preservation.